A quantum simulator caught quark-string breaking in real time — a first
Researchers from Duke, Caltech, Oxford, Maryland, Cornell, and KU Leuven used a 13-ion trapped-ion simulator to observe string-breaking dynamics — the quantum chromodynamics process where stretching a quark bond deposits enough energy to materialise a new particle-antiparticle pair. Classical supercomputers cannot tractably simulate this non-perturbative QCD regime.
- The 13-ion system emulated a (1+1)-dimensional Z₂ lattice gauge theory, simulating early-universe conditions
- String-breaking underpins matter generation after the Big Bang; this is the first direct simulation of the process
- Published in Nature Physics (DOI: 10.1038/s41567-026-03422-0)